atcoder#AGC038E. [AGC038E] Gachapon
[AGC038E] Gachapon
Score : points
Problem Statement
Snuke found a random number generator. It generates an integer between and (inclusive). An integer sequence represents the probability that each of these integers is generated. The integer () is generated with probability , where . The process of generating an integer is done independently each time the generator is executed.
Now, Snuke will repeatedly generate an integer with this generator until the following condition is satisfied:
- For every (), the integer has been generated at least times so far.
Find the expected number of times Snuke will generate an integer, and print it modulo . More formally, represent the expected number of generations as an irreducible fraction . Then, there exists a unique integer such that $R \times Q \equiv P \pmod{998244353},\ 0 \leq R < 998244353$, so print this .
From the constraints of this problem, we can prove that the expected number of generations is a finite rational number, and its integer representation modulo can be defined.
Constraints
- All values in input are integers.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
Output
Print the expected number of times Snuke will generate an integer, modulo .
2
1 1
1 1
3
The expected number of times Snuke will generate an integer is .
3
1 3
2 2
3 1
971485877
The expected number of times Snuke will generate an integer is .
15
29 3
78 69
19 15
82 14
9 120
14 51
3 7
6 14
28 4
13 12
1 5
32 30
49 24
35 23
2 9
371626143