Score : $100$ points

Problem Statement

Given is a $2 \times 2$ matrix $A = \begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}$. The determinant of $A$ can be found as $ad-bc$. Find it.

Constraints

• All values in input are integers.
• $-100 \le a, b, c, d \le 100$

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

$a$ $b$

$c$ $d$

Output

Print the answer as an integer.

1 2
3 4

-2

The determinant of $\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{bmatrix}$ is $1 \times 4 - 2 \times 3 = -2$.

0 -1
1 0

1

100 100
100 100

0