#P3014. [USACO11FEB] Cow Line S

[USACO11FEB] Cow Line S

题目描述

The N (1 <= N <= 20) cows conveniently numbered 1...N are playing yet another one of their crazy games with Farmer John. The cows will arrange themselves in a line and ask Farmer John what their line number is. In return, Farmer John can give them a line number and the cows must rearrange themselves into that line.

A line number is assigned by numbering all the permutations of the line in lexicographic order.

Consider this example:

Farmer John has 5 cows and gives them the line number of 3.

The permutations of the line in ascending lexicographic order: 1st: 1 2 3 4 5

2nd: 1 2 3 5 4

3rd: 1 2 4 3 5

Therefore, the cows will line themselves in the cow line 1 2 4 3 5.

The cows, in return, line themselves in the configuration '1 2 5 3 4' and ask Farmer John what their line number is.

Continuing with the list:

4th : 1 2 4 5 3

5th : 1 2 5 3 4

Farmer John can see the answer here is 5

Farmer John and the cows would like your help to play their game. They have K (1 <= K <= 10,000) queries that they need help with. Query i has two parts: C_i will be the command, which is either 'P' or 'Q'.

If C_i is 'P', then the second part of the query will be one integer A_i (1 <= A_i <= N!), which is a line number. This is Farmer John challenging the cows to line up in the correct cow line.

If C_i is 'Q', then the second part of the query will be N distinct integers B_ij (1 <= B_ij <= N). This will denote a cow line. These are the cows challenging Farmer John to find their line number.

输入格式

* Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and K

* Lines 2..2*K+1: Line 2*i and 2*i+1 will contain a single query.

Line 2*i will contain just one character: 'Q' if the cows are lining up and asking Farmer John for their line number or 'P' if Farmer John gives the cows a line number.

If the line 2*i is 'Q', then line 2*i+1 will contain N space-separated integers B_ij which represent the cow line. If the line 2*i is 'P', then line 2*i+1 will contain a single integer A_i which is the line number to solve for.

输出格式

* Lines 1..K: Line i will contain the answer to query i.

If line 2*i of the input was 'Q', then this line will contain a single integer, which is the line number of the cow line in line 2*i+1.

If line 2*i of the input was 'P', then this line will contain N space separated integers giving the cow line of the number in line 2*i+1.

题目大意

第一行两个整数 N,KN,K

接下来有 KK 组询问,每组询问里先给出 CiC_i,表示操作类型。

如果 CiC_iP,下面给出一个整数 AiA_i,表示求 11NN 的第 AiA_i 个全排列。

如果 CiC_iQ,下面给出 NN 个整数 Bi,jB_{i,j},表示求 Bi,1B_{i,1}Bi,NB_{i,N} 这个序列是 11NN 的第几个全排列。

对于每个询问,输出相应的答案。

数据范围:1N201≤N≤201K1041≤K≤10^41AiN!1≤A_i≤N!1BiN1≤B_i≤N

5 2 
P 
3 
Q 
1 2 5 3 4 

1 2 4 3 5 
5