#P2864. [USACO06JAN] The Grove S

[USACO06JAN] The Grove S

题目描述

The pasture contains a small, contiguous grove of trees that has no 'holes' in the middle of the it. Bessie wonders: how far is it to walk around that grove and get back to my starting position? She's just sure there is a way to do it by going from her start location to successive locations by walking horizontally, vertically, or diagonally and counting each move as a single step. Just looking at it, she doesn't think you could pass 'through' the grove on a tricky diagonal. Your job is to calculate the minimum number of steps she must take.

Happily, Bessie lives on a simple world where the pasture is represented by a grid with R rows and C columns (1 <= R <= 50, 1 <= C <= 50). Here's a typical example where '.' is pasture (which Bessie may traverse), 'X' is the grove of trees, '*' represents Bessie's start and end position, and '+' marks one shortest path she can walk to circumnavigate the grove (i.e., the answer):

...+...
..+X+..
.+XXX+.
..+XXX+
..+X..+
...+++*

The path shown is not the only possible shortest path; Bessie might have taken a diagonal step from her start position and achieved a similar length solution. Bessie is happy that she's starting 'outside' the grove instead of in a sort of 'harbor' that could complicate finding the best path.

牧场里有树林,林子里没有坑,贝茜很想知道,最少几步能绕树林走一圈,最后回到起点.她能上下左右走,也能走对角线格子.

牧场被分成 RRCC(1R50, 1C50)(1\leq R\leq 50,\ 1\leq C\leq 50) 。下面是一张样例的地图,其中 . 表示贝茜可以走的空地, X 表示树林,表示起点.而贝茜走的最近的路已经特别地用 + 表示 出来.

题目保证存在最短路径,且森林形成一个联通块。

输入格式

Line 1: Two space-separated integers: R and C

Lines 2..R+1: Line i+1 describes row i with C characters (with no spaces between them).

输出格式

Line 1: The single line contains a single integer which is the smallest number of steps required to circumnavigate the grove.

6 7
.......
...X...
..XXX..
...XXX.
...X...
...*...
11